gemstone

Category
Native Minerals
Chemical formula
C
Identification
Molecular Weight
12.01 u
Color
Typically yellow, brown or gray to colorless. Less often in blue, green, black, translucent white, pink, violet, orange, purple and red.[1]
Crystal habit
Octahedral
Crystal system
Isometric-Hexoctahedral (Cubic)
Cleavage
111 (perfect in four directions)
Fracture
Conchoidal (shell-like)
Mohs Scale hardness
10[1]
Luster
Adamantine[1]
Polish luster
Adamantine[1]
Refractive index
2.4175–2.4178
Optical Properties
Singly Refractive[1]
Birefringence
None[1]
Dispersion
0.044[1]
Pleochroism
None[1]
Ultraviolet fluorescence
Colorless to yellowish stones; inert to strong in long wave, and typically blue. Weaker in short wave.[1]
Absorption spectra
In pale yellow stones a 415.5 nm line is typical. Irradiated and annealed diamonds often show a line around 594 nm when cooled to low temperatures.[1]
Streak
White
Specific gravity
3.52 (± 0.01)[1]
Density
3.5-3.53 g/cm³
Diaphaneity
Transparent to subtransparent to translucent